Bellringer 4-14-14

Real Estate Agent.
Annual Salary is roughly 50,000-69,000 thousand dollars. Depends on location and commission.

Bellringer 4/10/14

$100 on food and groceries.
$50 on a doo-dad that I think I deserve.
$20 on a movie date with the bae.
+ $10 because the bae thinks she needs the extra large popcorn.
$200 on new clothes.
$120 on something frivolous.

Bellringer 4/7/14

1. A U.S. Citizenship test should be administered for any immigrant wishing to become a U.S. citizen.
2. A background check from the native country should be required.
3. Proof of residency and a birth certificate from the native country should also be required.

Assignment 4/2/14

1. All of these Caucasians enjoying a time at what appears to be a bar, with a very crude and unprofessional sign hanging up that reads, "Positively No Beer Sold to Indians."

2. This is in 1941. WWII is taking place and the civil rights movement has yet to occur. Fact: The American Indians were the highest voluntary enlistment in the armed forces during this time.

3. They aren't really showing any type of emotion. Kind of disgust I guess, as if a Native American just walked into the bar wanting a beer. The faces also seem stern and not wanting to have any other way about their rules.

4. Bar owners that happen to be racist may come up with more clever ways of keeping people they don't want in out. The owner of the establishment can't come out and say "No Indians to be served" but if they were to word it so it only pertains to Indians but doesn't come right out and say it, he could do that.

Bellringer 4/2/14

Not being able to talk. Duhh. It's what I do best.

NOTES 4/1/14

1. Heterogeneous Society is composed of of different people/ cultures.
2. Immigrant- Alien from a different country (LEGAL)
3. Reservation -Public land given to the Native Americans by the United States Government.
4. Refugee- Somebody who moves to another country for ones own protection.
5. Assimilation- When you change or adapt your culture to majority's culture.

America is mostly white people. It has been historically.
Immigrants have arrived in near record numbers every year since the 1960's.
Populations that have grown- African American, Hispanic, Asian American.
Minority populations exceed white populations in the following states- California, Hawaii, New Mexico, Texas.
More Women are coming about.
African Americans are main target for discrimination.

• Victims of consistent and deliberate unjust treatment for a long time.
• Main minoritys in USA 14%
• Most of the gains the nation has made in translating the Constitutions guarantees of equality for all the people. Most of the gains were made by AA.

When Americans arrived in mid-1600's nearly a million native Americans were already here.

• American Settlers brought disease. Sent Native Americans Westward
• The indian education act of 1972 attempted to remedy the lives 

Hispanic Americans have a spanish background
Hispanics can be any race
Hispanics are the largest minority group. 50 million
Divided into 4 main groups - Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans

Asian Americans
-chinese laborers were the first asians to come to america in large numbers in the 1850s and 60s.
-they faced violence from whites who felt that they were taking their jobs.
-WWII all japanese were evacuated to the pacific coast, even native born.
-Chinese exclusion act of 1882-80 years.

Section 3:

-Those who oppose civil rights often believe you cant change morality by passing a law

Civil Rights Act of 1964:
-passed after the longest debate in senate history. (83 days)
-made four major changes:
     voting provisions
     public services could no longer deny access based on race
     federal funding programs could not discriminate for the same reasons
     employers could also not discriminate as well as labor unions
Civil Rights Act of 1968:
-aka the open housing act
-could not refuse selling or renting a living space to a person due to race

Affirmative Action:
-requires employers to take positive steps to fix the affects of past discrimination
-employers must meet quotas for minority groups/genders
-reverse discrimination: discrimination against majority group; they are denied opportunities so minority groups have more opportunities.
-California, washington, michigan, and nebraska voters passed measures to eliminate all affirmative action plans
-The Bakke Case:
     Allan Bakke sued the University of California because he was denied access to their medical school due        to affirmative action.
     He won.
-Justice Sandra Day O'Connor predicts in 25 years the use of racial preferences will no longer be necessary


Section 4-

• An american citizen is a person that swears allegiance to the US.
• The 14th amendment was the first constitutional definition- " all persons born or naturalized in the us are subject to where they reside."
• The constitution declares that a person becomes an American citizen one of two ways: 1. born in the US. 2. Naturalization 

CITIZENSHIP BY BIRTH

• 90% of Americans are by birth.

CITIZENSHIP BY NATURALIZATION

• Naturalization is legal process in becoming citizen
• Normally naturalization is done individually. 
• Collective naturalization- Entire groups can become citizens which happens through en masse. Happens when the US gains new territory

LOSS OF CITIZENSHIP

• Every american has the right to denounce citizenship. This is called Expatriation.
• It is unconstitutional for Congress to take away a persons citizenship based on something he/she has done. 
• Naturalized citizens CAN lose their citizenship through denaturalization- only occurs by a court order.
• Marriage: does not make you a citizen. Shortens the time of the naturalization process.

IMMIGRATION

• Congress has control of who can enter and leave the country.
• Quotas for immigration began to exist: limits to the number of people allowed from each country territory.
• Immigration act of 1965- did away with the quota system
• Under the immigration act of 1990. Now allow 675000 immigrants into the US each year special preferences are still given to immediate family
• Some people can be denied entrance based on their characteristics: criminals, mentally ill, harmful people.
• Deportation- legal process by which aliens are required to leave the country
• Biggest reasons for deportation: illegal immigrant, conviction of a serious crime.

Bellringer 4/1/14

Yes, I think this should be something that is mandatory because if there are over 210 deaths a year, then we should probably do something about that. I feel that they can make a difference in driving. If so many accidents are caused by backup driving then do something to help solves the problem. They could be very beneficial, especially to larger vehicles like semi-trucks.

Bellringer 3/31/14

Yeah, racism is still pretty much an issue. Just the fact that the question had to be asked proves that racism is still an issue. It is getting better though, I mean people are more tolerant than what they were 20 years ago. Racism mainly exists in poorer communities and less educated places. I don't want to sound like a bigot but it's kinda true.

Bellringer 3/24/14

In Guinea there was an outbreak of Ebola. Like it was totally uncool. But there is free treatment being offered so that is cool. Umm, that's pretty much it. Have a good day.

Three Court Cases

Religion-

Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

 In 1999, Cheryl Perich started teaching at Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School in. While Perich led students in prayer and taught a religion class several days a week, her job Redford, Michigan primarily consisted of teaching grade school art, science, social studies and music. In 2004, Perich left on disability and was diagnosed with narcolepsy. In 2005, after being cleared by her doctors to go back to work, the school told her that they already hired someone else. Perich then threatened to file suit, so the school promptly fired her for "insubordination and disruptive behavior." All nine Supreme Court justices agreed with the decision written by Chief Justice John Roberts that "the Establishment Clause prevents the Government from appointing ministers, and the Free Exercise Clause prevents it from interfering with the freedom of religious groups to select their own." Moreover, because the respondent in this case was a minister within the meaning of the minis­terial exception, the First Amendment requires dismissal of her em­ployment discrimination suit against her religious employer.


Minority-

Ricci v. DeStefano

 557 U.S. 557 (2009), was a contentious decision by the United States Supreme Court concerning racially discriminatory employment practices by New Haven, Connecticut's fire department. Eighteen city firefighters, seventeen who were white and one who was Hispanic, brought suit under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 after they had passed the test for promotions to management and the city had nevertheless declined to promote them. New Haven officials invalidated the test results because none of the black firefighters who passed the exam had scored high enough to be considered for the positions. They stated that they feared a lawsuit over the test's adverse impact on a protected minority. The Supreme Court heard the case on April 22, 2009, and issued its decision on June 29, 2009. The Court held 5–4 that New Haven's decision to ignore the test results violated Title VII because the city did not have a "strong basis in evidence" that it would have subjected itself to disparate-impact liability if it had promoted the white and Hispanic firefighters instead of the black firefighters.

School System-

Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1

Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, 551 U.S. 701 (2007), also known as the "PICS" case, is a United States Supreme Court case. At issue were voluntary school desegregation/integration efforts in Seattle, WA and Louisville, KY. Both school districts voluntarily used individualized racial classifications to achieve diversity and/or avoid racial isolation through student assignment. The Court recognized that seeking diversity and avoiding racial isolation are compelling state interests. However, the Court struck down both school districts’ assignment plans, finding that the plans were not sufficiently "narrowly tailored," a legal term that essentially suggests that the means or method being employed (in this case, a student assignment plan based on individualized racial classifications) is closely and narrowly tied to the ends (the stated goals of achieving diversity and/or avoiding racial isolation)

NOTES 3/20/14

Inferior Courts
Were created to function beneath the Supreme Court
Several Different Courts.

District Courts
U.S District courts are the federal trial courts
94 District courts
12 Judicial Districts

Secret Courts 
FISA
Alien terrorist Remove Courts


District Court Jurisdiction
The district courts do not hear cases within original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
District Courts hear both civil and criminal cases.
Most decisions in the federal
\
Court of Appeals
Normally three judge panels.
Created to relieve the supreme court of hearing all appealed cases.

Court of International Trade
A federal trial court only tries civil cases that arise out of the nations customs and other trade related laws.
9 judges-chief justice appointed by the President and Senate,

Bellringer 3/20/14

I agree with Judicial Activism

Chapter 18 Sec. 1

Alito, Jr., Samuel Anthony (Nominated by George W. Bush)  (60%)

Bellringer 3/19/14

Kinda, there were Americans in that flight. But going after the flight simulator is just silly.

Bellringer 3/18/14

1. Russia wants control of Crimea for their resources and stuff.

2. Yes.

Bellringer 3/12/14

1. Because they probably assumed the plane would veer back on course.

2. Possible hijackings, possible crash into ocean.

Ad campaigns.

1.  Ad targeting all viewers/voters
2.  positive3.  yes4.  ad would be portrayed negatively now5.  no


1.  targeting opposing team2.  negative3.  yes4.  maybe not be showed5.  yes


1.  targeting voters2.  positive3.  no4.  wouldn't affect voters5.  no

Bellringer 3/11/14

1. Yes, because it is important to put humanity before profits.
2. No, because it is the companies decision.

Bellringer 3/10/14

1. I think some tax cuts would be good and possibly less government spending.
2. I think people living on welfare, etc. are benefiting most from the proposed budget.

We are going to miss Mr.Grady because he's the best notes.

NATIONAL CONVENTION

• Called every four years to officially nominate Presidential candidates.
• Each state send delegates based on their electoral votes.
• Differences in choices of delegates between Republican and Democratic Parties.

PRIMARIES

• The device each party uses to select its nomination for president.
• Began in early 1900s as a reaction to party boss dominated politics.
• Two different types
• Delegate selection primary 
• Candidate preference primary
• Typically frontloaded.

DELEGATION SELECTION PROCESS

• Began as a winner take all
• Now moved to proportional representaion

CAUCUSES

• A closed meeting of a political party which gather to select delegates to the national convention

Convention Schedule
DAY2
Adopt platform
Keynote Address
DAY3
Select or affirm choice for Vice Presidential candidate
DAY4
select and affirm Presidential candidate.


NOMINEE CHARACTERISTICS
Typically the current president is nominated
Typically has long run of political experience
Typically protestants from large states
Good speakers who seem to have a stable family life and also have a pleasant and healthy appearance.